How much do solar panels cost to install?

A typical 8 kW residential solar system costs $20,000–$32,000 installed in 2026 BEFORE the 30% federal credit. After the 25D credit, net cost is $14,000–$22,400. Per-watt installed pricing ranges $2.50–$4.00 depending on state, panel brand, and roof complexity. Adding battery storage (Tesla Powerwall, Enphase IQ Battery) adds $10,000–$18,000 per battery — also eligible for the 30% credit. Payback period in 2026 averages 7–11 years in sunny states with high electric rates (CA, AZ, NV, MA, NJ), 12–18 years in low-rate states.